OVARIAN CANCER

A concept
Ovarian cysts are generalized on an ovarian tumor, all ages are sick, but the most aged 20-50. The prevalence of ovarian cancer rarely sick, so early diagnosis difficult, attendance at the 70% already advanced, little access to early treatment, five-year survival rate always hovering in the 20-30%, the threat to women's lives one of the most serious cancer, ovarian is smaller organ in the human body but for a good variety of tumor site, ovarian cancer can have a variety of nature and form - a single - or mixed type, or of the bilateral side, cystic or substantive, benign or malignant, and many women have ovarian tumors or male sex hormones.

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Ovarian cancer is the gynecologic diseases, from childhood to old age may occur, according to the degree of malignancy, into benign and malignant tumors of the junction. Ovarian located in the pelvis, as superficial malignant easy aware of the organization, are often found already late, is the main threat to women's health malignancy. Slower development of benign ovarian tumors, small benign tumor more asymptomatic; Medium-sized benign tumor may have bloating and abdominal discomfort, patients often palpable mass, the tumor can produce tremendous oppression symptoms. The rapid tumor growth, invasion to the surrounding tissue, cause abdominal pain, bloating, bleeding, vaginal bleeding; Merger fever infection; Tumor necrosis have ulcers, bloody ascites, advanced with weight loss, fatigue, anemia, cachexia performance. 

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Ovarian cancer

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Patients with malignant ovarian tumor when treatment is late (> Phase II), ovarian cancer is the surgical treatment called tumor or cytoreductive surgery or large resection.
Surgery is to do everything possible to the original tumor resection and can see the pots, peritoneal metastasis, so that each region of residual lesion diameter of less than 2.0 cm to 1.5 cm. Intraoperative from ascites fluid or cells for blood screening. Because ovarian and uterine cancer often, the annex or visco-invasion, peritoneal and keep pots, it is more of "carpet-volume" or "dumplings", from extraperitoneal space elements from the peritoneal wall, bladder and pelvic floor serous peritoneal, along with the uterus and pelvic peritoneum block tumor resection. The pots have peritoneal metastasis tissues or organs should be possible to complete resection or partial resection, resection of the omentum, some intestinal resection, resection of the bladder or ureter shifting values. The removal of the tumor as possible aim is to enhance postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy effect. The merger of ovarian cancer ascites, regardless of whether all resection are advised to intraperitoneal indwelling catheter for intraperitoneal injection of anti-cancer drugs. Anti-cancer drugs or radioisotopes for preparation also can be injected directly unresectable tumors.
Surgery can not decide in its benign and malignant ovarian tumor resection specimens should be admitted or contralateral ovarian tissue frozen tablets sent for histopathologic examination. There is no such conditions, generally after the contralateral normal ovarian As can be temporarily retained, pathological specimens were sent checks to clear in nature, and close observation. The previous suspected metastatic ovarian tumor and failed to find its source, should be in operation in detail in the original exploration of abdominal lesions, after further treatment for reference.

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Disease Overview

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Basic symptoms: early ovarian cancer usually no obvious symptoms, if there is non-specific symptoms, such as menstrual disorder, mild gastrointestinal discomfort. With the growth of tumors may arise under bloating, discomfort, or sometimes because of oppression involved in the bladder or rectum and frequency, diarrhea, constipation,. More advanced symptoms from ascites, omental or metastatic gastrointestinal such as abdominal distension, shortness of breath, abdominal discomfort, and incomplete intestinal obstruction or even obstructive symptoms. Part of mesenchymal tumors or tumor invasion of genistein and uterus can cause irregular vaginal bleeding. If a tumor metastasis may have different performance of the corresponding organ involvement.

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Epithelial ovarian cancer in the United States is a relatively rare in Gynecologic Oncology, 2004, there were approximately 25,580 cases of new onset patients, 16,090 cases patients died. The majority of patients with advanced cancer, treatment for surgical resection and postoperative to platinum-based chemotherapy. During the past 10 years, chemotherapy improved survival rates improve, and recurrent tumor treatment more effective. In addition, the genetic risk factors for making in-depth understanding of the prevention strategy to become individualized approach to bilateral tubal women - ovarian surgery. This report summarized the clinical characteristics of epithelial ovarian, after reports focus on the treatment of the latest developments.

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1). Transfer of malignant ovarian tumor growth and metastasis, and other parts of the same direct spread of cancer, and the lymphatic and blood way. But the transfer spread mainly by direct more directly transferred to pots, abdominal organs and organizations, or transfer of Tai omentum, mesenteric, in a number of intraperitoneal nodular mass, a certain degree of mobility; Peritoneal or transferred to the pelvic floor in the vaginal fornix after palpation, palpable in the womb may have rectal Waterloo a papillary protrusions, even penetrating pelvic viscera, a sinus, and the rectum,; a vaginal or urethral cancer tissue from the pus and bleeding. Ovarian cancer found in the lymph node metastasis rate as high as 50%, or even transferred to the left supraclavicular lymph nodes, or perineum, is in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer, attention.

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I. Overview

With the aging of the global trend of development, improve the economic status of women, more and more women start hormone replacement therapy (Hormone Replacement Therapy, HRT), to improve access to after menopause due to the decrease in the level of sex hormones related to various diseases. Clear evidence that: postmenopausal women with age, the incidence of coronary heart disease increased by about four times the fracture due to osteoporosis by 20%, died of complications due to pelvic fracture rate of 30%, after the 65-year-old Alzheimer's incidence rate increase every year <BR> and Application HRT can peer groups coronary heart disease risk 50% Alzheimer's risk reduced three times, especially worth mentioning is significantly reduced the incidence of rectal cancer. Long-term use of HRT cancer risk reduced year by year. HRT can also greatly improve the menopause, postmenopausal women with disease or ovarian surgery, radiotherapy in patients with a series of artificial menopause syndrome.

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Cytoreductive surgery in the treatment of ovarian cancer Comprehensive Application and prospects

Foreign Medical Obstetrics and Gynecology volumes in 1999 Vol 26 No. 2

Tianjin Medical University General Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology (300,052) of the new QU (Summary) if Mi (revision)

Abstract <BR> since the 1980s, complete cytoreductive surgery to cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy for ovarian cancer as a conventional model, cytoreductive surgery is the complete impact of the prognosis of patients with one of the important factors for recurrent ovarian cancer once again cytoreductive surgery still some value , but to improve the survival rate of patients is more important to be effective after chemotherapy treatment as a necessary complement. Early ovarian cancer retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is reasonable and significance of the still controversial.

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