Ovarian cysts clinical classification

Pathologic classification of ovarian cyst 1. Functional cysts (Functional cysts) Such cysts in women of reproductive age are quite common. Not ovarian follicles and mature into cy...

Not all of malignant ovarian tumor With the development of diagnostic techniques, the knowledge of preventing cancer, gynecological work of the census, many ovarian tumors are...

Serous cystadenoma
Zhu serous tumor of the kidney from the body cavity epithelium, is the most common tumors of the ovary. According to national statistics, the total of 2007-09-07 16:00:00.1% of ovarian tumors common in women aged 30-40. The unilateral nature, but there are also many of the bilateral. Simple solution can be divided into gland capsule and two papillary serous cystadenoma.

(1) simple serous cystadenoma of all ovarian tumors around 15%. Tumor diameter of 5 - 10cm, the individual may be filling the entire abdomen, sustained spherical, smooth appearance. Single room or rooms, very thin wall, the only one to serous secretion of columnar epithelial cells, or a cube, some cells with cilia, and the oviduct epithelial cells very similar. The contents of the capsule is transparent pale yellow liquid, containing serum proteins, and occasionally with a little mucus, some of the epithelial cells of mucus.

(2) papillary serous cystadenoma: general was spherical, households, looks smooth, with gray or brown, which revealed that most of the large or small papillary protrusions, some filling the cavity to form an approximate real tumor, mostly bilateral. Papillary processes can penetrate shift in the capsule wall, the wall easily rupture. Where nipple cystadenoma of the surface, all have ascites. Serous cystadenoma if early treatment of malignant changes may occur up to 50%. The epithelial cell layer thick, filamentous separatist activities of the growing number of cell size and shape changes, and the immature cells staining reaction changes are characteristic of malignant transformation.

The ovarian cystic teratoma
As post-mortem: that of the resin filling material
As post-mortem: that hair, teeth,
Serous cystic glandular carcinoma
Serous cystic carcinoma is the most common primary malignant ovarian tumor, about all malignant ovarian tumor 40-60%, half of the bilateral, generally in the middle, cystic half. Its notable feature of the nipple with a large brittle processes. Initially wall in the tumor, often air permeability of the wall, outside the tumor growing. In the latter the status of the tumor to surrounding organs and tissues, such as the intestine, uterus and annex, and the visceral peritoneum layer violation of a broad cancer cultivation.
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma surgery poor prognosis, and tumor organizations like the relationship to a certain extent, according to statistics of its five-year survival rates below 20%.
Ovarian teratomas Radiography (calcification)
Mucinous cystadenoma
Mucinous cystadenoma is more common ovarian tumors, ovarian domestic statistics for all of the 21.7% of births occurred in age (26-45 years), a small number of cases for children, the youngest is seven years old.

Tumor unilateral, but about 10% for both. Most tumors room (so how mucinous cystadenoma of the known), and has a serous cystadenoma-great, and they can even achieve great extent, far exceeding the full-term pregnancy uterus (photo 29-5). Patients have abnormal menstruation, but many symptoms caused by the tumor increased oppression.
Tumors were oval or spherical formation processes of various sizes, surface smoothness, medium hardness of the wall thickness. Visibility section size, ranging from the number of rooms, has atrial septal thickness.
If surgical resection mucinous cystadenoma was not ruptured, the tumor prognosis excellent. Malignant tumors accounted for 5%.
Any mucinous tumor of the gland capsule contents overflow into the abdominal cavity can lead to the peritoneal tumor cultivation, was the massive, and can lead to organ adhesion. The incidence of complications in all of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of only 12-13%. But it is worth noting that the removal of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma of the process, if handled improperly (eg first puncture of the wall or inadvertent injury), resulting in dissolution of the capsule into the peritoneal overflow can occur peritoneal myxoma.

Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
For cystic or solid. Carcinogenesis can be confined to the site of a tumor, but the tumor extended to the majority. Failure of the wall pierced, tumor smooth surface; But if the erosion of the wall, with the adjacent organs adhesion. Intracavitary containing bloody haze of liquid viscosity, one malignant performance.

5, endometrial tumor
Tumor smooth surface, often a single room, its walls made from a layer of the cortex endometrial posed by the high columnar epithelium, the connective tissue around the lack of endometrial stromal, both inside and outside the capsule of no bleeding.

Endometrial cancer
All of this is unilateral or bilateral, which can be as high as 50%. Generally in the middle, smooth appearance of the wall, but there are hard-section processes. Part of it, some of the processes are papillary cysts, hemorrhage and necrosis of visible lesions. A small part of the connective tissue type, texture hard.
More serous tumor prognosis and mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma better. Its five-year survival rate up to 55%

Clear cell tumor
Such tumors are usually occurred in or near menopause or post-menopausal period, the oldest documented in the 87-year-old, and about 60% at age 60-70.
Tumors often unilateral, but about 25% are bilateral, Medium Large. Tumor uneven surface, closely linked to each other most of the characteristics of cystic processes. Such rare malignant tumor, mesenchymal generally not involved in malignant transformation, but can occur genistein, and endocrine effects.

Brenner:
BrennerBuy tumor is a rare tumor. Its incidence in all ovarian tumors, 0.5%, occurred in those aged 40-50 more. Generally unilateral (mostly right), about 8% of the bilateral. Very few can become malignant squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of mucus.

Brenner typical of the substantive round or oval-shaped tumor. Gray surface, the size ranged from 1 cm to 25 cm in diameter, most of 6-7cm in diameter. No obvious tumor capsule, but the surrounding ovarian interstitial be compressed. No obvious tumor capsule, but the surrounding ovarian interstitial be compressed. In post-menopausal patients with endometrial hyperplasia can be.

Borderline Tumors
Serous surface papilloma tumor is the most common tumor of the junction. The junction of serous tumors confined to about 33-60% of ovarian side, and clearly, both malignant tumor was about 50%. The junction of tumor metastasis in the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases, 16-18%, and obviously malignant tumor is over 60%.
The junction of mucinous tumors accounted for 35% of the tumor, and clearly accounted for 10-15% of malignant tumors. At the time of diagnosis, approximately 80-90% of the junction of ovarian tumors confined to, and obviously malignant tumor was only about 50%. Ovariectomized groups who are involved in about 5-10%.

Endometrial kind of the junction of performance for less dysplasia, limitations in endometriosis or endometrial glands within the scope of the fibroids, which epithelial cells with a low-grade nuclear characteristics, but no erosion.

Benign cystic teratoma
Benign cystic teratoma, domestic statistics about all benign ovarian and 16.4%, 10% abroad. Can occur at any age, but for women under the age of 20 of the most common tumors. About 12-20% growth for both. Generally in the middle, occasionally in the detection of ovarian found contralateral 1 - 2 cm in diameter are great.

Benign cystic teratoma can be divided into simple and complex. This tumor is generally spherical, flat for a while after the tendency. The surface smoothness, color white, yellow with regional, tumor weight, can funnel ligament elongation pelvic tumor in the abdominal cavity of the activities will also increase, so prone to reverse.

Teratoma content such as leakage into the abdominal cavity, can cause chemical peritonitis, chronic granulomatous cytomegalovirus or oily granuloma of the iceberg. In such cases, surgery is often easy to be formed by fibrous diffuse abdominal inflammation misconstrued as a pan-tuberculosis or cancer. General asymptomatic cystic teratoma, unless larger tumor, oppression adjacent organs, but the tendency of the torsion. Malignant rate of 5%, the vast majority of them in the squamous epithelium of carcinogenesis.

Benign is teratoma
A cystic teratoma rare, but more at childhood. The surface is smooth and hard. As post-mortem: most of it, a few small cysts.

Fetal teratoma
All of this content, inflammation of fetal agenesis.

Ovarian thyroid tumor
It is a special type of teratoma, small or medium-large. Or was solid nodules, section brown, sometimes hemorrhagic cysts and lesions. Some patients with hyperthyroidism. About 5-1% of patients with malignant transformation, forming papilloma, and metastasis.

Malignant Teratoma (teratogenic cancer)
The malignant ovarian teratoma is a malignant tumor cell embryo. Real or semi-solid, mainly occurs in young women.
In ovarian teratoma in the immature organizations found that malignant lesions are likely, it should attract attention. After resection of tumor was completely disappearing within a month, if after the return means that tumor recurrence or metastasis.

Dysgerminoma
Such tumors occur in ovarian or testicular, when the capsule rupture, adjacent organs violations, bilateral or merger teratoma, the prognosis is usually poor. Dysgerminoma majority occurred in the following 30-year-old, the youngest, only two years old, the oldest is 78 years old. For more unilateral, and is seen to the right, both are about 15%.

Since tumor diameter ranging from a few cm to 50cm, were round or oval in shape, smooth surface, such as the quality or hard rubber-like, but the tumor soft, brittle (necrosis caused by bleeding) in cystic degeneration.

Dysgerminoma highly sensitive to radiation, so that the transfer of cases should seek treatment. The general implementation of the bilateral tubal nest with hysterectomy; Young, not unilateral pregnant patients with early tumors may consider retaining the contralateral normal ovary and uterus, it is reported after pregnancy, but about 1 / 3 the contralateral ovarian and relapse.

Fibroids
More common in menopausal or post-menopausal, but children under the age of 12 are also found.
Ovarian fibroids often unilateral, about 10% of bilateral Shengsheng. Big range. The only small ovarian surface on a nodule; The almost full abdominal organs and the oppression neighboring Di-prone According turn significantly symptoms.

Performance of ovarian fibroma smooth and hard, with gray and white; Or multiple nodules, nodule size. Its section are staggered that the connective tissue beam, and a regional variability, even cysts.
Fibroids can cause ovarian malignancy. Can benign fibrous tumor with ascites and pleural effusion.

Bilateral Hydrosalpinx
Endocrine function of a long-tumor nest
These tumors had multiple names, such as gonadal stromal tumors, or tumors of mesenchymal cable mesenchymoma.
(1) of the patients only 14 weeks, the old man of 85 years of age, generally occurred in the latter part of the growth period and after menopause (age 36-58).
Tumor size. Big up to 40cm in diameter, kg weight, generally in the middle, more of a unilateral, bilateral growth of about 5-10%. For the first substantive, with the majority of the increase contain small cystic space, or even part of cystic formation, sometimes bleeding area. The round or oval, nodular uplift, surface smoothness, quality soft.

Because of the size of tumor and its role in endocrine different. The large tumor estrogen, can cause adolescent patients with precocious puberty before; Patients with abnormal menstrual childbearing age (amenorrhea, menorrhagia), but could not obvious; Or postmenopausal patients with uterine bleeding; Or endometrial glands in cystic adenomatoid with uterine hyperplasia and increase consistency.

(2) theca cell tumor: a granulosa cell tumor rare, occurred in the period before and after menopause, rarely occur before puberty. Tumors generally round or oval, quality hard, often unilateral, from the size of the nodules ovarian mm to 15-20cm in diameter, was enormous even with cystic tumor kg liquid.

(3) granulosa cells - cells of the follicle December: both particles of such tumor cells and theca cells of two ingredients mixed, ranging from the ratio of the two components. Tumors with endocrine function, to produce estrogen is characterized sometimes have to androgen.

(4) with testicular tumor cells: cells of the testis with a rare low-grade malignant ovarian tumor, occurred in women aged 20-30 has been the subject of heterosexual precocious. General tumor size in the middle, a little more than 25cm or diameter, weighing 12kg, 96% occurred for the unilateral, often substantial, but with the total number ranging from cysts, tumors contained larger cyst is also larger. Nodular smooth surface uplift, often gray and yellow grass. Serous hemorrhagic cysts containing liquid.

Testicular cells of patients with typical symptoms and signs: Female Body disappeared, the number of menstruation, then amenorrhea, with the breast and uterus shrink and masculine (hirsutism, acne, clitoral hypertrophy and become low tones).

About 30% of testis cells showed malignant tumors, ovarian tumors confined to the side there is no transfer of young patients, can be used for simple excision of the annex to the same side and, after close follow-up.

Metastatic ovarian tumors
Some ovarian cancer from the body's other organs of primary malignant ovarian special called "metastatic tumor." General tumor more prone to become organ may transfer part of the smaller, but it is ovarian exceptions, such as certain parts of the stomach and breast cancer, compared with other organs of ovarian cancer metastasis to the greater tendency of ovarian metastases of 80%, 80% of metastatic ovarian tumor metastasis to the growth of bilateral .

Ovarian tumor types complex and changeable. Almost any part of the primary tumor can be transferred to the ovary, but the most from breast, gastrointestinal tract and genital mutilation.

Often it is, as fist general, the surface smooth, shiny, with no pelvic adhesions. To maintain normal ovarian small shape, no greater adhesion. To maintain normal ovarian small shape, the greater the surface was brain or back of the blade can also occur due to degenerative cysts, almost all bilateral growth.

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